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< title > Everest Linux - Install< / title >
2022-06-21 13:49:11 -04:00
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< a href = "install.html" > Install< / a >
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< h2 > Installation Handbook< / h2 >
< p > This is the official installation guide for Everest Linux.< / p >
< p > Using unofficial guides is not recommended as they may be< / p >
< p > out of date.< / p >
< p > Simply following this guide blindly is a great way to end up< / p >
< p > with a broken installation. Ensure you have a rough idea of< / p >
< p > what each command does.< / p >
< p > If you need assistance, reach out on IRC (#everestlinux) or Discord.< / p >
< h2 > Prerequisites< / h2 >
< p > The following steps will be used to complete the installation:< / p >
< p > - Set up the environment< / p >
< p > - Download the Everest Linux system image< / p >
< p > - Unpack the system image< / p >
< p > - Chroot into the new system< / p >
< p > - Install desired programs< / p >
< p > - Install the Linux kernel
< p > - Set up init scripts/services< / p >
< p > - Reboot the system< / p >
< i > Note: Everest is highly flexible.< / i >
< i > If you are changing anything in this guide, it is assumed< / i >
< i > you know exactly what to do.< / i >
< p > Run < code > (user)$< / code > commands as an unprivileged user.< / p >
< p > Run < code > (root)#< / code > commands as the root user.< / p >
< p > Run < code > (chroot)#< / code > commands inside the chroot environment.< / p >
< h2 > Set up the environment< / h2 >
< p > Our environment needs to be set up correctly for the installation.< / p >
< p > Create the system mountpoint:< / p >
< code > (root)# mkdir -pv /mnt/everest< / code >
< p > Although it may not be used, assign the system mountpoint a variable:< / p >
< code > (root)# export SYS_MNT=/mnt/everest< / code >
< p > Partition your drive:< / p >
< code > (root)# cfdisk /dev/sdX< / code >
< p > Mount the root partition to the system mountpoint:< / p >
< code > (root)# mount /dev/sdX /mnt/everest< / code >
< p > If needed, create the boot directory:< / p >
< code > (root)# mkdir -pv /mnt/everest/boot< / code >
< p > Mount the boot partition:< / p >
< code > (root)# mount /dev/sdX /mnt/everest/boot< / code >
< h2 > Downloading the Everest system image< / h2 >
< p > An Everest system image is an incomplete root filesystem, which< / p >
< p > provides a strong base to build off of< / p >
< p > Not all system images are the same. Some differences are:< / p >
< p > - The init system< / p >
< p > - The standard C library< / p >
< p > - The architecture< / p >
< p > - SELinux support< / p >
< p > - Multilib support< / p >
< p > Ensure you download the image you want. Migrating in the future< / p >
< p > is not officially supported or even recommended.< / p >
< p > Download an image with < code > wget< / code > :< / p >
< code > (user)$ wget SYSTEM_IMAGE_LINK< / code >
< h2 > Unpacking the system image< / h2 >
< p > The system image can now be unpacked.< / p >
< p > Ensure the system image is located under the system mountpoint.< / p >
< p > Note that a simple < code > tar -xvf< / code > will cause errors with< / p >
< p > permissions. Therefore, a few extra flags are needed.< / p >
< p > Unpack the system image:< / p >
< code > (root)# tar -xpvf SYSTEM_IMAGE --xattrs-include='*.*' --numeric-owner< / code >
< p > This will ensure all file ownership is compliant.< / p >
< h2 > Chrooting into the new installation< / h2 >
< p > The system is in a partially working state.< / p >
< p > If we were to call it a day and reboot now, it wouldn't be possible.< / p >
< p > Many critical parts of the system are missing, including the< / p >
< p > bootloader and kernel. Chrooting allows us to make modifications< / p >
< p > to the target system, without actually booting into it.< / p >
< p > Before chrooting, additional filesystems must be mounted.< / p >
< p > Mount these filesystems:< / p >
< code > (root)# mount --types proc /proc /mnt/everest/proc< / code >
< p > < / p >
< code > (root)# mount --rbind /sys /mnt/everest/sys< / code >
< p > < / p >
< code > (root)# mount --make-rslave /mnt/everest/sys< / code >
< p > < / p >
< code > (root)# mount --rbind /dev/ /mnt/everest/dev< / code >
< p > < / p >
< code > (root)# mount --make-rslave /mnt/everest/dev< / code >
< p > < / p >
< code > (root)# mount --bind /run /mnt/everest/run< / code >
< p > < / p >
< code > (root)# mount --make-slave /mnt/everest/run< / code >
< p > Chroot into the system:< / p >
< code > (root)# chroot --userspec=0:0 /mnt/everest /bin/sh< / code >
< p > Change the shell prompt to avoid confusion:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}" & & source /etc/profile< / code >
< h2 > Install programs< / h2 >
< p > Any programs you wish to install should be installed now.< / p >
< p > This is because the Linux kernel takes multiple hours to compile.< / p >
< p > See < a href = "https://git.everestlinux.org/EverestLinux/wiki/wiki/General-Recommendations" > General Recommendations< / a > for ideas. Note that some< / p >
< p > programs assume the system is installed, so use caution.< / p >
< h2 > Install the Linux kernel< / h2 >
< p > The most important part of the system, the kernel, is ready to be installed.< / p >
< p > Install the linux-firmware package, which provides device firmware:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# glacier -f linux-firmware< / code >
< p > Download the kernel's source tree:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# glacier -f linux< / code >
< p > Change directory to the kernel's source tree:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# cd /usr/src/linux< / code >
< p > Ensure the kernel source tree is clean:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# make mrproper< / code >
< p > Configure the kernel:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# ARCH="your-arch-here" make defconfig & & make menuconfig< / code >
< p > Compile the kernel:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# make & & make modules_install< / code >
< p > Install the kernel:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# make install< / code >
< p > On some systems, an initial RAM filesystem (initramfs)< / p >
< p > may be needed to ensure proper booting.< / p >
< p > If you want an initramfs, install dracut:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# glacier -f dracut< / code >
< p > Build an initramfs:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# dracut< / code >
< h2 > Configure the system< / h2 >
< p > Some components of the system mus be configured.< / p >
< p > Create < code > /etc/fstab< / code > .< / p >
< p > Enable system services, such as a cron daemon, logger, etc:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# /etc/init.d/{cronie,chronyd,sysklogd} start< / code >
< p > < / p >
< code > (chroot)# systemctl enable --now cronie chronyd sysklogd< / code >
< p > Set the timezone:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# ln -svf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Region/City /etc/localtime< / code >
< p > Configure the locale:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf< / code >
< p > Set the system hostname:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# echo "my_hostname" > /etc/hostname< / code >
< p > Other things you might want to configure are:< / p >
< p > - /etc/doas.conf or /etc/sudoers< / p >
< p > - /etc/inittab< / p >
< h2 > Configure the bootloader< / h2 >
< p > One more critical component is needed: the bootloader< / p >
< p > While any bootloader can be installed, this guide recommends< / p >
< p > < code > systemd-boot< / code > and < code > grub< / code > .< / p >
< p > For systemd-boot/gummiboot:< / p >
< p > Install the standalone package for systemd-boot if systemd is not installed:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# glacier -f gummiboot< / code >
< p > Install the bootloader:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# bootctl install< / code >
< p > Edit < code > /boot/loader/loader.conf< / code > to your liking.< / p >
< p > Create a boot entry at < code > /boot/loader/entries/everest.conf< / code > .< / p >
< p > For GRUB:< / p >
< p > Install the GRUB package that corresponds to your system:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# glacier -f grub-bios< / code >
< p > < / p >
< code > (chroot)# glacier -f grub-uefi< / code >
< p > Install GRUB:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# grub-install /dev/sdX # for BIOS< / code >
< p > < / p >
< code > (chroot)# grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id=grub # for UEFI< / code >
< p > Create a GRUB configuration file:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# grub-mkconfibg -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg< / code >
< h2 > Finishing the installation< / h2 >
< p > Every component of the system has been configured, and we can now< / p >
< p > boot into it.< / p >
< p > Exit the chroot environment:< / p >
< code > (chroot)# exit< / code >
< p > Unmount all partitions from the system mountpoint:< / p >
< code > (root)# umount -R /mnt/everest< / code >
< p > Power off the system:< / p >
< code > (root)# poweroff< / code >
< p > Ensure you remove the installation media or you< / p >
< p > will not boot into the new system.< / p >
< h2 > Post installation< / h2 >
< p > A base Everest system is very minimal.< / p >
< p > Most users will want to configure extra components, such as a window< / p >
< p > manager, or sound. See: < a href = "https://git.everestlinux.org/EverestLinux/wiki/wiki/General-Recommendations" > General Recommendations< / a > for more info.< / p >
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