48 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
48 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
|
# {} Pre-Revolution
|
||
|
|
||
|
#### Important terms
|
||
|
- Glorious Revolution - invasion of England by William and Mary
|
||
|
- Toleration Act - act of Parliament that granted freedom to Protestant sects but not Catholics
|
||
|
- Bill of Rights - Set up the basis for a constitutional monarchy
|
||
|
|
||
|
## == The Glorious Revolution ==
|
||
|
|
||
|
Charles II brother, James II inherited the throne in 1685
|
||
|
- Openly Catholic, people feared he would make England Catholic again
|
||
|
- Parliament hatched a plan to make sure it didn't happen
|
||
|
In 1688, The Glorious Revolution occurred
|
||
|
- James' daughter and her Dutch Protestant husband (William and Mary) were invited to take the English throne
|
||
|
- They landed with their army, and James fled to France
|
||
|
- Bloodless
|
||
|
|
||
|
## == English Bill of Rights ==
|
||
|
|
||
|
William and Mary signed the English Bill of Rights before they were crowned
|
||
|
- They ruled a limited Monarchy
|
||
|
- Ensured Parliament was superior to the new monarchs
|
||
|
- Parliament must be called regularly
|
||
|
- Power of the purse
|
||
|
- Could not interfere in debates or suspend laws
|
||
|
- No Roman Catholic could rule
|
||
|
- Restated basic rights for the English
|
||
|
Toleration Act
|
||
|
- Limited religious freedom for some Protestant sects, not Catholics
|
||
|
|
||
|
# {} Post Revolution
|
||
|
## == Britain Becomes a Constitutional Government ==
|
||
|
|
||
|
A government whose power is limited by law
|
||
|
Political Parties
|
||
|
- At first, class based Tories (aristocrats who promoted tradition) and Whigs (favored Parliament, business, and urban interests)
|
||
|
Cabinet: formed of the leaders of Parliament who played an advisory role to the King
|
||
|
Prime Minister: the head of cabinet
|
||
|
- The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons
|
||
|
- His power later exceeded the monarch
|
||
|
|
||
|
### == Not So Fast... ===
|
||
|
|
||
|
Parliament was not quite an example of democracy
|
||
|
- Landowners still held most of the power (oligarchy)\
|
||
|
- Used it to their advantage, detrimental to poor and landless
|
||
|
- Very few could vote
|
||
|
- Middle class was growing
|