79 lines
3.0 KiB
Markdown
79 lines
3.0 KiB
Markdown
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# {} Before Louis
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#### -- Henry IV Brings Peace --
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Reformed France
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- In doing so, expanded his influence into every part of French life
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- Drained swamps, built or restored roads and bridges
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- Removed corrupt or incompetent officials
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- Reclaimed lands that had been taken by nobility, strictly collected taxes
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- Reduced noble influence, thereby extending his own
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#### -- Cardinal Richelieu --
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Henry IV was assassinated, leaving the throne to Louis XIII, who was 9
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- Cardinal Richelieu became the chief minister, set to work strengthening the King's power
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- In escennce, he ruled France from 1624 to 1642
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- Took away power from the nobles, increased their dependence on the king
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- Sent out indentants
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- 1641 - An edict took away the independent power of the parlements
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#### -- Cardinal Mazarin --
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Louis XIV inherited the throne at only 5 years old in 1643
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Cardinal Mazarin picked up where Richelieu had left off (died in 1642)
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- Continued to advice Louis XIV after he came of age
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- Helped the throne gain power by establishing an efficient administration
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# {} Louis XIV
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#### -- The "Sun King" --
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Louis took power at the age of 23
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Believed that he had a divine right to rule
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- Claimed the sun as his symbol
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- Absolute power in war, peace, religion, and economy
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- "I'etat, c'est moi - I am the state"
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- Images of the sun were found everywhere
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Goals
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- Make the monarchy powerful, but give nobles influence locally
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- Never once called the Estates General
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- Built the strongest army in Europe
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- Appointed intendants
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- Collected taxes, recruited soldiers, carried out policy
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- Middle class, loyal families
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#### -- Jean-Baptiste Colbert --
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Raised to finance minister
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- Taxes helped financed the king's wars and lifestyle
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- Utilized mercantilism
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- Used tarrifs to protect domestic industry
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- Built up luxury goods industry in France
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- Encouraged emigration to New France, source of raw materials
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Brought great wealth, not enough to outweigh huge expenses
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#### -- Building Versailles --
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Began as a royal hunting lodge
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Louis XIV transformed it to the most opulent palace in France
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- Made it the seat of government
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- Symbolized his wealth and power
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- Daily life revolved around him like planets around the sun
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= Immortalized himself as various Greek and Roman gods
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Rituals like the levee kept nobles competing for power
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- These rituals were the only time many nobles got to make their requests of the king
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#### -- Louis XIV's reign --
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72 year reign made France the most powerful country in Europe
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Louis tried to expand France's borders and influence
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- Other countries came together to keep the balance of power
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- Made several alliances against France
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- War of the Spanish Succession, they prevented the unification of France and Spain with the Grand Alliance
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#### -- Long Reign and the Ugly Side of Louis XIV --
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Renewed persecution of the Huguenots
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- 1685: revoked the Edict of Nantes
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- 100,000 Huguenots left France
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- Lost many skilled workers and prosperous subjects
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- A blow to the French economy and France's reputation
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