obsidian-vault/Psych/Midterms/Study Guide.md

== Founding Fathers ==

William James

• Functionalism
  • "How do we function"

Wilhelm Wundt

• Structuralism
  • Objective
    • Sight/sound
  • Subjective
    • Mental images

John B Watson

• Behaviorism

BF Skinner

• Reinforcement
  • When you recieve a reward, you are more likely to repeat a behavior

Gestalt School

• Learning by insight rather than repetition

Sigmund Freud

• Unconscious motive shape behavior

== Research ==

Hypothesis

• An educated guess
• If/then logic

Analyzing results

• A lot of data is needed for analysis

Conclusion

• Useful in development of theories

Replication

• The ability for an experiment to be repeated with a similar outcome

Bias

• Predisposition to a point of view

Circumstances of replication

• Sometimes slightly different circumstances skew results

Surveys

• People are asked a series of questions
• Not necessarily accurate

Populations

• Whole group you want to study

Samples

• One part of the target population

Random Sample

• Individuals from target population chosen by chance

Stratified Sample

• Subgroups in population are represented proportionally

Case Study Method

• In depth investigation of an individual or small group

Longitudinal Method

• Select group, then observe group for period of time

Cross Sectional Method

• Select sample that includes people of different ages

Naturalistic Observation

• Observe people in their natural habitats (home, school, work)

== Nervous System ==

Frontal Lobe

• Voluntary movement and languages

Occipital Lobe

• Sight

Parietal Lobe

• Senses

Temporal

• Memory

Medulla

• Lowest part of brain stem
• hearbeat

Pons

• Above the medulla
• Regulates breathing

Midbrain

• Eyeball movement

Thalamus

• Relay center

Hypothalamus

• Body processes